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The Ultimate Off-Grid First-Aid Kit

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The Ultimate Off-Grid First-Aid KitCommercial first aid kits are often sufficient for casual activities like family picnics or days at the beach, but for more serious situations, a more comprehensive medical stockpile is necessary. We’ll explore four levels of medical kits to address varying needs.

The first level is the Personal Carry or Individual First Aid Kit (IFAK). This compact, lightweight kit is designed for each person in a group and can manage a range of common medical issues encountered during outdoor activities or travel.

In military contexts, the IFAK serves as an essential resource for medics. When a squad member is injured, the medic initially uses supplies from the injured person's IFAK. This approach maximizes resources and allows the medic to carry more advanced medical equipment in their own kit.

The second level is the Family Emergency Medical Kit. This kit is designed to be portable, typically fitting into a large backpack, and is intended for use by a family or small group. It serves as a comprehensive "bug-out" bag for medical emergencies and is considered the minimum necessary equipment for a head of household to manage common crises in a long-term survival scenario.

Larger, more advanced kits for Emergency Surgical Kits, and Group/Community Clinic Kits will be covered in a later article.

While I include torrent links for the books below, I strongly advise having printed copies of the books in the kit. Having an electronic copy is handy to have on your computer as it is easily searchable, and can be carried in a phone or tablet. But in an extended power outage, only a real print copy is viable.

Individual First Aid Kit (IFAK) or Personal Carry Kit

Documentation & Communication:

    • First-aid manual or instructions for basic first-aid procedures
      • The Pocket First-Aid Field Guide: Treatment and Prevention of Outdoor Emergencies (Skyhorse Pocket Guides)
      • $9.59 - https://www.amazon.com/Pocket-First-Aid-Field-Guide-Emergencies/dp/1616081155
      • Torrent: Get This Torrent
    • Medical history and allergy information
    • Copies of any prescriptions

Medications:

    • Prescription medications (closed/sealed)
    • Pain and fever relievers (Acetaminophen/Ibuprofen/Aspirin)
    • Anti-inflammatory medications for joint pain or swelling (aspirin or naproxen)
    • Antihistamines for allergic reactions or insect bites (Benadryl/Diphenhydramine, Claritin/Loratadine, cetirizine)
    • Imodium (Loperamide)
    • Pepto-Bismol (Bismuth Subsalicylate)
    • Motion sickness medication (dimenhydrinate or meclizine)
    • Epi-Pen/Epinephrine autoinjector (if needed)
    • Oral Antibiotics (discussed later)

Personal Protection:

    • Birth Control Accessories (condoms, birth control pills, cervical caps, etc.)
    • Disposable Nitrile Gloves (hypoallergenic) (5 sized to individual, plus 5 large)
    • Face Masks (surgical and N95)

Hand Hygiene & Disinfectants:

    • Hand sanitizer
    • Antibacterial Soap/Hand Sanitizers
    • Alcohol wipes (10)
    • Povidone-iodine (Betadine) wipes (10)
    • BZK (Benzalkonium Chloride) anti-microbial wipes (6)
    • Rubbing Alcohol
    • 3% Hydrogen Peroxide

Wound Care:

    • Gauze pads (4” x 4” – 10 sterile, 20 non-sterile)
    • Gauze rolls (Kerlix, etc.)
    • Non-Stick sterile dressing (5, 3” x 4”)
    • Sterile ABD dressings 5” x 9” (2)
    • Large absorbent pads (ABD or other brand)
    • 6” Emergency bandage or other compression bandage (1)
    • 4” Ace wrap (1)
    • Roller gauze sterile dressing (1)
    • Adhesive bandages:
      • 1” x 3” (20)
      • 2” x 3” (10)
      • Various sizes/shapes
    • Steri-Strips (1 Pack, 2 sheets)
    • Medical Tape:
      • Cloth Medical Tape 1” x 10 yds (1)
      • Other varieties (Elastoplast, Silk, Paper), 1 inch, 2 inch
    • Tourniquet (1)
    • Hemostatic Agents (Celox or Quikclot powder, 2g)
    • Styptic pencil (stops bleeding from superficial cuts)
    • Super glue or Medical glue packet (1)

Blister Care:

    • Moleskin or Spenco Second Skin Blister kit

Burn Care:

    • Silvadene Cream (for burns)
    • Packets burn gel (2)

Injury & Trauma Care:

    • Triangular Bandage with safety pins (1)
    • Safety Pins (large)
    • Instant Cold pack  (1)
    • Instant Hot pack (1)
    • Reusable Cold/Heat Packs
    • Mylar solar blanket (1)

Ophthalmic (Eye) Care:

    • Eye pads (2)
    • Cotton Eye Pads, Patches
    • Sterile saline solution (liter bottle or smaller, if available)

Medical Instruments:

    • Bandage Scissors (all metal is best, 1 Stainless steel bandage scissors 7.25”)
    • Nail scissors (1)
    • Tweezers (1)
    • Magnifying Glass
    • LED penlight (1)
    • Headlamp or Penlight
    • Kelly Clamp (straight and curved)
    • Straight hemostat clamp 5” (1)
    • Needle Holder
    • 2-0, 4-0 Nylon Sutures (1)
    • Scalpel or field knife
    • Tongue Depressors

Thermometer & Monitoring:

    • Thermometer (rectal or ear, or 1 general thermometer)

Topical Medications:

    • Triple antibiotic ointment (1 tube)
    • Antiseptic Solutions (Betadine, Hibiclens, etc.)
    • 1% Hydrocortisone Cream
    • 2.5% Lidocaine cream (local anesthetic)
    • Witch Hazel
    • Sting Relief Towelettes (6)

Gastrointestinal & Hydration:

    • Oral Rehydration Packs (or make it from scratch)
    • Water Purification Filter or Tablets

Skin Protection & Insect Care:

    • Sunblock
    • Lip balms
    • Insect Repellant
    • Gold Bond foot powder

Other Supplies:

    • Duct tape 2” x 5 yds (1)
    • Cotton Swabs (Q-tips), Cotton Balls

Family Emergency Medical Kit

A family emergency medical kit for remote locations should complement the individual first aid kits and emergency dental kit, providing supplies for a wider range of medical situations and prolonged care for multiple people. Here’s a comprehensive list of items to include:

Documentation & Communication:

    • Medical Log Book for documenting injuries, treatments, and medications administered.
    • Emergency Medical Reference Guide for quick reference in handling various medical situations.
    • Advanced Life Support Guide - For managing severe medical emergencies.

Trauma & Advanced Wound Care:

    • Trauma Shears (Additional) - Heavy-duty for cutting through clothing or seat belts.
    • Compression Bandages - Extra 4” and 6” Ace wraps and Combat Dressings (Emergency Bandages) - For severe bleeding control.
    • “Bloodstopper” Dressings - Multipurpose dressings for heavy bleeding.
    • Extra-Large Gauze Dressings - For larger wounds and major bleeding.
    • Quik-Clot or Celox Dressings - Hemostatic gauze impregnated with clotting agents.
    • Extra Hemostatic Agents Celox or QuikClot, in larger quantities or additional packs.
    • Tourniquets - At least two extra, in addition to those in individual kits; consider multiple types (e.g., CAT, SOFT-T).
    • Irrigation Syringes (60-100 ml) - For wound cleaning and irrigation.
    • Sterile Saline Solution - For wound irrigation or eye wash.
    • Additional Sterile Gauze Pads & Rolls, Various sizes (2”x2”, 4”x4”) and large rolls (Kerlix).
    • Extra ABD Pads (Abdominal Dressings) - For covering larger wounds or as additional padding.
    • Non-Adherent Dressings (e.g., Telfa Pads) - For burns or wounds that should not stick to the dressing.
    • Hydrocolloid Dressings - For blisters, burns, or moist wound healing.
    • Burn Care - More burn gel packets and sterile burn dressings.

Splints & Immobilization:

    • Splints (SAM Splints or similar) - For immobilizing fractures.
    • Cervical Collar - For stabilizing neck injuries.
    • Slings - For supporting injured arms or shoulders.

Respiratory & Airway Management:

    • Ammonia Inhalants - For reviving individuals in cases of fainting or shock.
    • CPR Mask or Face Shield - For performing rescue breathing safely.
    • Oropharyngeal Airway Kit - Various sizes for maintaining an open airway.
    • Manual Resuscitator Bag (BVM) - For assisted ventilation.

Surgical & Advanced Procedure Tools:

    • Needle Syringes (Various Sizes) - 20 gauge, 6 ml syringes and others as needed.
    • Surgical Scissors (Mayo or Metzenbaum) - For cutting tissues or sutures.
    • Needle Holders & Clamps - For performing basic minor surgical procedures.
    • Scalpel & Disposable Blades (Assorted Sizes) - For surgical procedures.
    • Suture Materials (Vicryl or Silk 0, 2-0, 3-0, 4-0, 5-0) - For suturing wounds.
    • Suture Removal Tray - For removing sutures safely.
    • Cidex Solution - For sterilizing instruments.

Medications & Treatments:

    • 1% or 2% Lidocaine (Injectable) - For local anesthesia (requires prescription).
    • Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics - A wider variety for different infections (requires prescription).
    • Zofran (Ondansetron) - For nausea and vomiting (requires prescription).
    • Tramadol - For stronger pain relief (requires prescription).
    • Epinephrine (Epi-Pen) - For severe allergic reactions (requires prescription).
    • Fluconazole Tablets (100 or 150 mg) - For fungal infections (requires prescription).
    • Terconazole Cream - For fungal infections.
    • Wart Removal Cream/Ointment/Solution - For treating warts.
    • Hemorrhoid Cream/Ointment - For treating hemorrhoids.
    • Anti-Diarrheal Medications (Loperamide) Additional quantity for treating severe cases.
    • Electrolyte Replacement Solutions or Tablets For severe dehydration or electrolyte imbalance.
    • Anti-Nausea Medication (Ondansetron or Meclizine) For severe vomiting or motion sickness.
    • Antacids (e.g., Tums, Ranitidine) For stomach upset or acid reflux.
    • Antihistamines Additional diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or non-drowsy options like loratadine.
    • Prednisone or Other Steroids As prescribed for severe allergic reactions or inflammation.
    • Glucose Tablets or Gel For low blood sugar emergencies.
    • Pain Management & Sedation:
      • Lidocaine or Similar Anesthetic for local anesthesia during minor procedures.
      • Additional Oral Pain Relief (prescription-level pain relievers, if appropriate)
      • Sedation Medication (as prescribed and under proper medical guidance)

Hygiene & Skin Care:

    • Fels-Naptha/Zanfel Soap - For treating poison ivy, oak, and sumac exposure.
    • Rid Lotion/Nix Shampoo - For treating lice and scabies.
    • Tincture of Benzoin - To enhance adhesion of bandages or steri-strips.

Oral & Digestive Health:

    • Oral Rehydration Powder - Pre-made or homemade, for dehydration.
    • Anti-Diarrheal Medications (e.g., Imodium) - For treating diarrhea.

Ophthalmic (Eye) Care:

    • Eye Cups - For rinsing out eyes and treating eye injuries.
    • Eye Wash Solution (with extra bottles for rinsing debris or chemicals from the eyes).
    • Eye Patches and Shields for protecting injured eyes.
    • Ophthalmic Antibiotic Ointment for eye infections or injuries.

General Supplies:

    • Headlamp - For hands-free lighting in low-visibility situations.
    • Magnifying Glass - For detailed inspections of injuries or foreign objects.
    • Disposable Gloves (Nitrile) - In large quantities for hygiene and infection control.
    • Masks (Surgical & N95) - For respiratory protection and preventing contamination.
    • Tincture of Benzoin - For improved bandage adhesion.

Specialty & Diagnostic Tools:

    • Pulse Oximeter for monitoring blood oxygen levels.
    • Blood Pressure Cuff & Stethoscope for assessing cardiovascular status.
    • Digital Thermometer Additional to individual kits, possibly an infrared one for no-contact readings.
    • Blood Glucose Monitor For individuals with diabetes or suspected hypoglycemia.
    • Urine Test Strips To test for dehydration, urinary infections, or kidney issues.

Psychological First Aid:

    • Comfort & Reassurance Supplies - Small games, comfort items, or soothing teas to help manage stress and anxiety.

Additional Kits:

    • Emergency Obstetric Kit - For childbirth and related emergencies. See Below.
    • Emergency Dental Kit - For emergency dental injuries and related emergencies. See Below.

This enhanced Family Emergency Medical Kit should be well-organized and is equipped for a wide range of medical situations, providing comprehensive support for remote locations where professional medical help is not available. Regularly update and check this kit to ensure all items are functional and within their expiration dates.

 

Emergency Obstetric Kit

An Emergency Obstetric Care Kit should contain essential supplies and tools to handle various obstetric emergencies, provide support during labour and delivery, and manage postpartum care. This kit is crucial for locations where professional medical help is not immediately available. Here’s a comprehensive list of items:

Documentation & Reference:

Delivery Supplies:

    • Sterile Gloves (multiple sizes): For safe handling during delivery.
    • Sterile Lubricant: To ease the passage of the baby.
    • Sterile Gauze Pads: For cleaning and handling the newborn and mother.
    • Sterile Bulb Syringe: For suctioning the baby’s nose and mouth.
    • Cord Clamps or Ties: To secure the umbilical cord before cutting.
    • Sterile Scissors: For cutting the umbilical cord.
    • Sterile Drapes and Sheets: To create a clean field during delivery.
    • Absorbent Underpads (Chux): To manage fluids during delivery.

Newborn Care:

    • Infant Hat and Blanket: To keep the newborn warm.
    • Thermal Mylar Blanket: For additional warmth and temperature regulation.
    • APGAR Score Chart: To assess the newborn’s condition immediately after birth.
    • Baby Scale (Portable): For weighing the newborn.
    • Neonatal Resuscitation Mask and Bag: For emergency resuscitation.

Obstetric Emergency Supplies:

    • Emergency Obstetric Kit (Pre-packed): Includes essential supplies for childbirth emergencies.
    • Obstetric Forceps: For assisted delivery if needed.
    • Amniotic Hook (Amnihook): For safely rupturing membranes if necessary.
    • Doppler Fetal Monitor or Fetoscope: To monitor fetal heart rate.
    • Mucus Extractor: For clearing the newborn’s airway.
    • Hemostatic Gauze: To control bleeding from tears or lacerations.

Postpartum Care:

    • Uterine Massage Device (or Manual Massage): To stimulate uterine contractions post-delivery.
    • Oxytocin (Pitocin) or Misoprostol Tablets (Prescribed): To manage postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
    • Maternity Pads: For postpartum bleeding management.
    • Sitz Bath Supplies: For postpartum perineal care.
    • Perineal Cold Packs: For reducing swelling and discomfort.
    • Perineal Bottle (Peri Bottle): For cleaning the perineal area after delivery.

Surgical and Suturing Supplies:

    • Suture Kit: Includes needle holder, scissors, and forceps.
    • Suture Material (0, 2-0, 3-0 Absorbable): For repairing perineal tears or episiotomies.
    • Local Anesthetic (Lidocaine 1-2%, if prescribed): For numbing during suturing.
    • Scalpel and Blades: For emergency surgical needs.

Medications & Pain Relief:

    • Pain Relief Medications (Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen): For managing pain post-delivery.
    • Prescription Pain Medications (as necessary): For severe pain management.
    • Antibiotics (Prescribed): To prevent or treat infections.
    • Anti-Nausea Medication (Ondansetron or similar): For managing nausea.
    • Epinephrine (Epi-Pen): For severe allergic reactions.
    • Emergency IV Kit with Saline Bags: For fluid replacement in case of hemorrhage.

Monitoring & Diagnostics:

    • Digital Thermometer: For checking the mother’s and baby’s temperature.
    • Blood Pressure Cuff & Stethoscope: For monitoring the mother’s vital signs.
    • Blood Glucose Monitor: For checking blood sugar levels if needed.

Infant Feeding Supplies:

    • Nipple Shields or Breast Pump: For breastfeeding support.
    • Formula and Bottles: In case breastfeeding is not possible.
    • Syringe and Feeding Tube: For feeding the newborn if necessary.

Hygiene & Sanitation:

    • Hand Sanitizer and Antiseptic Wipes: For maintaining hygiene during procedures.
    • Waste Disposal Bags: For safe disposal of medical waste.
    • Clean Towels and Cloths: For various uses during and after delivery.

Miscellaneous:

    • Flashlight or Headlamp: For visibility in low-light situations.
    • Emergency Communication Device (Satellite Phone or Radio): For contacting help if needed.
    • Comfort Items (blankets, pillows, etc.): For the comfort of the mother and newborn.

This kit should be regularly checked, updated, and restocked as necessary to ensure all items are available and in good condition. Consider including detailed emergency delivery instructions and a list of local emergency contacts for additional support if needed.

 

Emergency Dental Kit

For a comprehensive emergency dental kit suitable for a family or small group in remote locations, include the following items, organized by their use and function:

Documentation & Reference:

Basic Dental Tools:

    • Dental Mirror - For visual inspection of teeth and gums.
    • Dental Pick or Toothpicks - For cleaning between teeth and removing debris.
    • Dental Floss - Essential for maintaining oral hygiene and removing food particles.
    • Cotton Pellets and Rolls - For absorption of saliva and blood, and to protect or isolate areas in the mouth.

Emergency Dental Care:

    • Clove Bud Oil - Natural anaesthetic for toothaches; useful for temporary pain relief.
    • Zinc Oxide Powder - Mix with clove oil to create a temporary dental cement for filling cavities.
    • Commercial Dental Kits (e.g., Den-Temp, Cavit) - Ready-made solutions for temporary fillings and repairs.
    • Actcel Oral Hemostatic Agent - To stop bleeding in the mouth from dental procedures or injuries.

Tooth Preservation:

    • Hank’s Solution - To preserve the viability of knocked-out teeth until they can be reinserted.

Sutures & Instruments:

    • 4-0 Chromic Suture - For suturing soft tissue in the mouth in case of injuries or dental procedures.
    • Needle Holder - To hold and maneuver suturing needles accurately.

Extraction Equipment:

    • Forceps and Elevators - For tooth extraction if absolutely necessary.

Personal Protective Equipment:

    • Gloves (Nitrile) - For maintaining hygiene during dental procedures.
    • Face Masks - To protect from potential infection.
    • Eye Protection - Safety goggles to protect eyes from debris during procedures.

Additional Recommendations:

    • Pain Relief Medication (Ibuprofen or Acetaminophen) - For pain management after dental procedures.
    • Sterile Saline Solution - For rinsing and cleaning wounds or the mouth.
    • Antibiotic Ointment or Oral Antibiotics - For infection control, if available and applicable.
    • Portable Headlamp or Penlight - To ensure good visibility during procedures.
    • Emergency Reference Guide - A small guidebook or laminated cards with basic dental emergency procedures can be invaluable.

This kit is intended for situations where professional dental care is not immediately available, so it's crucial to have the knowledge to use these tools safely and effectively.

 

 

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